| Accepting block |
The Kaspa block that accepts a transaction into the ledger |
| Actor |
In Argent, a covenant type that owns typed state and defines entries |
| Allowance |
A rate limit that holds up to a capacity and refills at a fixed rate. BridgeMint has a mint allowance; each vault has a release allowance |
| Argent |
The actor-based language kUSDT’s covenants are written in. It builds on the SilverScript compiler |
| Backing |
A vault’s USDT minus its accrued fees: balance − feesAccrued |
| Base unit |
10⁻⁶ USDT. Every protocol amount is a whole number of base units |
| Borrowed receive |
A KCC-20 feature that lets a sender add tokens to a recipient’s existing UTXO. Disabled on minted, burn and reserve states |
| BridgeMint |
The covenant actor that is the only issuer of kUSDT |
| Burn owner |
A P2SH owner whose script starts with OP_RETURN and names a payout chain and address. Tokens sent to it never move again |
| Chain code |
One byte naming the EVM chain on Kaspa: 0x01 Ethereum, 0x02 BNB Chain |
| Continuation |
An output that a spent covenant UTXO accepts as its successor |
| Coordinator |
The bridge server that collects signatures, submits transactions and serves status. Trusted with nothing that moves funds |
| Covenant |
A locking script that checks the transaction spending it, not only who spends it |
| Covenant family |
The UTXOs that share one covenant ID |
| Covenant ID |
A 32-byte identifier carried by covenant UTXOs (KIP-20). kUSDT’s covenant ID is its identity |
| DAA score |
Kaspa’s measure of DAG progress; it rises about 10 times per second |
| Delegator |
In a multi-input covenant transition, an input that checks only its own conditions and relies on the leader |
| Deployment |
The pair (kUSDT covenant ID, vault addresses) |
| Digest |
A 32-byte hash that signers sign |
| EIP-712 |
The Ethereum standard for signing typed structured data, used for Release and Refund |
| Entry, entrypoint |
One way to spend a covenant, with typed arguments |
| Extension commitment |
A 32-byte hash of extended token state. Zero for every kUSDT state |
| Finality |
The point after which a chain does not reverse a block. See Finality |
| Genesis |
The transaction that creates a covenant ID’s first UTXOs |
| Guardian |
A key that can pause BridgeMint and the vaults, and nothing else |
| KAS |
Kaspa’s native coin. 1 KAS = 10⁸ sompi |
| KasPool |
The KAS⇄kUSDT constant-product pool on Kaspa L1 |
| KCC |
Kaspa Call for Conventions: a shared convention for the Kaspa ecosystem (KCC-1, -2, -20, -23) |
| KCC-20 |
The Kaspa fungible-token convention |
| KIP |
Kaspa Improvement Proposal: a consensus or node change (KIP-17, KIP-20) |
| Layer 1 (L1) |
The Kaspa network itself |
| Layer 2 (L2) |
A separate system built on top of Kaspa, such as Igra or Kasplex. kUSDT uses none |
| Leader |
In a multi-input covenant transition, the first input of the family, which validates the whole transition |
| Mass |
Kaspa’s measure of a transaction’s cost: compute, storage and transient |
| Minted |
A deposit’s amount less its fee: what BridgeMint mints for it |
| Monitor |
The service that checks INV-1 and holds the guardian key |
| Nonce |
A deposit’s sequence number in its vault: 0, 1, 2, … |
| Owner scheme |
A KCC-2 byte that says how a token state’s owner is interpreted |
| P2SH |
Pay to script hash: a UTXO locked to the hash of a script |
| Payload |
A Kaspa transaction’s free data field |
| Plurality |
The number of 100-byte storage units a UTXO occupies; 2 for covenant UTXOs |
| Position |
A KasPool UTXO that records liquidity shares and their owner |
| Quorum |
The number of distinct signers required: 3 for mints and releases, 4 for most governance |
| Redeem ID |
keccak256("kusdt/redeem/v1" ‖ kaspaTxId ‖ outputIndex): identifies a burn output on the EVM side |
| Release |
A vault payout for a Kaspa burn |
| Refund |
A vault return of a deposit that Kaspa skipped |
| Reserve |
The pool’s KAS (in the Pool UTXO) and its kUSDT (a KCC20 state owned by the pool’s covenant ID) |
| Signer |
One of 5 independent parties that attest to deposits and burns |
| SilverScript |
The covenant compiler that Argent builds on |
| Simnet |
A local, private Kaspa test network |
| Sompi |
The smallest unit of KAS, 10⁻⁸ KAS |
| Template |
A covenant program with its state cut out. Its hash identifies the code |
| TokenSeed |
A reference actor that creates zero-amount token states |
| UTXO |
Unspent transaction output: a coin-like record a transaction spends in full |
| Vault |
KusdtVault, the contract on each EVM chain that holds the backing USDT |